Formed as a Division in February 1917, by transferring two Australian Brigades from the ANZAC Mounted Division, and adding two British Brigades that had been acting as Army Troops.

Originally designated the Imperial Mounted Division but shortly afterwards redesignated as the Australian Mounted Division as a result of official protest from Australia.

The Division was heavily engaged in Egypt and Palestine, from the early probing away from the Suez Canal zone, across the Sinai desert and eventually at the Battles of Gaza and the victorious advance to Jerusalem and into Syria.